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Home AEDE. - 2: Traineurope.
- 3: About Promeuro.
- 4: Programme éducatif.
- 4.1: Preface.
- 4.2: Europe in the making.
- 4.3: Glossary Personalities.
- 4.4: Technical Glossary.
- 4.5: Chronology.
- 4.6: Citations.
- 4.7: Videos.
- 4.8: Illustrations.
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- 6: Euro converter.
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Glossary - International Personnalities
Adenauer, Konrad (1876-1967)
A German politician, the first Chancellor of West Germany (1949-1963), architect of the integration of his country into the European Community.
Born in Cologne: mayor of that city (1917-1933). President of the Council of State of Prussia and quickly an influential member of the Catholic Centre (Zentrum). 1952, President of the first German party (CDU – Christian Democratic Union). For 14 years Chancellor of the Federal Republic set up in 1949. Thanks to him West Germany joined the Council of Europe in 1950 and supported the Schuman Plan in 1951 (European Coal and Steel Community). In 1955 (West) Germany joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO). In 1957 Adenaur’s (West) Germany was a co-founder of the European Economic Community.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer
www.konrad-adenaur-foundation.eu
Adonnino, Pietro (1929)
Italian politician of the Christian Democratic Party. Member of the European Parliament from 1979 to 1984 and the author of material on European citizenship.
it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietro_Adonnino (it.)
Amato, Giuliano (1938)
Born in Turin. Studied law in Italy and then at Columbia University in the USA. Professor of law at the Sapienza University in Rome. In politics, having been a member of the Socialist Party, he remained outside political parties. He was, on several occasions, a government minister and secretary of state in Italy. Then he was appointed Vice-President of the Convention with the task of writing the European Constitutional Treaty. He is known for his sense of moderation and compromise. He is a member of several European and American think tanks.
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuliano_Amato
Barre, Raymond (1924-2007)
Bayrou, François (1951)
Born in Bordères (France). Literary studies and teaching. Author of several historic books (Henri VI). Politician, laic by member of the Christian democratic political tendency. Minister of Education in the French Government, introduces reforms after careful consultation of the stakeholders. Participates in the French Presidentiel elections. Active European : « Without Europe, without political union and without democracy, the future of the world becomes a fatality about which the people of our continent have lost all control. Each time we need to influence the future of the world, one comes back to « the need for Europe ».
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Bayrou
Bilger, François (1934)
Professor at Pasteur University, Strasbourg. Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences. Promoter of the Social Market Economy (Rhenish model, school of Freiburg). See his blog.
www.google.co.uk (search Pierre Bilger)
Boissonnat, Jean (1929)
French economist and journalist and committed Christian. Together with Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber he founded the journals « Expansion » and « L’Entreprise ». Author of numerous books. Professor of Economics.
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Boissonnat
Caesar, Julius (Rome, 101 BC – 44 BC)
Roman general, statesman and author. He made use of the reform current of opinion and demagogue tendancy for his rise to power. He then proclaimed himself dictator for life. He expanded the borders of the Roman Empire as far as the Rhine and, by conquering Gaul, as far as the Atlantic. He used his legions to take power through defeating his adversaries. His opposition to members of the Senate reached its peak when he entered Rome at the head of his army, forcing Pompey to flee. (« Alea jacta est » he said, crossing the Rubicon.) This act also brought about his downfall. He fell victim to a conspiracy of several senators, inspired by Brutus.
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jules_C%C3%A9sar
www.histoire-en-ligne.com/spip.php
Chiti, Vannino (1947)
Left-wing Italian politician, born in Pistoia. He has been a government minister and is recognised as a specialist in institutional reform.
Churchill, Winston Leonard Spencer (1874-1965)
Born in Oxford (UK) – 1900: joined Conservative Party; then joined the Liberals. Several times a minister before the war, rejoined Conservative Party in 1924. 1940: became Prime Minister; he incarnated British resistance to Nazism. 1941: signed the Atlantic Charter with Roosevelt. He was one of the three “Greats” who took part in the inter-allies conferences. 1945: He denounced the “iron curtain” and Soviet expansionism. Prime Minister again (1951-55) before retiring from political life. Nobel Prize for Literature in 1953: also wrote War Memoirs.
Cobbaut, Robert (1938)
Born in Belgium in 1938. Studies law in Louvain, Research Fellow at the University of Chicago, Business Management. Professour in financial economics in Belgium and France. Professor Emeritus. Member of the Board of several corporations. Numerous publications in international financial economics.
Voir aussi : perso.cpdr.ucl.ac.be/rcobbaut/RCcv.pdf
Colombo, Umberto (1927)
Italian entrepreneur, born in Livorno. Attended University of Pavia and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Director of Montedison. President of the Italian Atomic Energy Agency. President of the European Scientific Foundation. Minister (1993-94). Several Scientific Publications.
Coulie, Bernard (1959)
Born in Brussels with a doctorate in philology and oriental history, he was elected the third lay rector of the Catholic University of Louvain in 2004.
wwwcvw.sipr.ucl.ac.be/afficheCv.do
Curvers, Alexis (1906-1992)
Born in Liege, Belgium. Philosopher and writer. He wrote: Tempo di Roma, prix du Prince Pierre de Monaco, 1960; Le Monastere des deux saints Jean (Actes Sud)
www.wallonie-en-ligne.net/1995_Cent_Wallons_/Curvers_Alexis.htm
Davignon, Etienne (1932)
Belgian national, born in Hungary. He obtained a doctorate in law and a baccalauréat in Thomist philosophy and economic science. Ministry of Foreign Affairs as attaché to the African Affairs service (1959). Head of Staff at the the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in the government of Paul-Henri Spaak (1964) and in the government of Pierre Harmel (formed in 1965). Vice-President of the European Commission (1977-1985). Author of the Davignon Report on the « best way of achieving progress toward political unity in the perspective of an enlargement of the European Communities ». Administration advisor to the Société Générale de Belgique (1989) and President of the Board of Suez. In addition, he played a leading role in the creation of SN Brussles Airlines, the successor to Sabena, which went into bankruptcy in 2001. Minister of State (2004). President of numerous organisations promoting European integration.
www.touteleurope.fr/fr/union-europeenne/ue-au-fil-du-temps/les-personnages-cles/etienne-davignon-1932.htmlhttp://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etienne_Davignonhttp://www.belgium.be/eportal/application?languageParameter=fr&pageid=contentPage&docId=5369
Dehaene, Jean-Luc (1940)
Born in Montpellier (France). Studied law at the Belgian Universities of Namur (in French) et and Leuven (in Flemmish). In politics he is a member of the centre-left Christian party. Several times he was Prime Minister of Belgium. He oversaw the stabilisatin of Belgian finances, together with Philippe Maystadt*, with a view to the entry of Belgium into the Euro zone in 1999. He is known for his pragmatism. Appointed Vice-President of the European Convention with the task of writing the European Constitutional Treaty and with relations with the civil society, in particular.
Delors, Jacques (1925)
French politician and economist born in Paris. University of Paris. Socialist Party. Departmental Director, Banque de France (1945-1962). Minister of the Economy and Finance 1981-84. President of the European Commission, 1985-94.
Delruelle, Edouard (1963)
Lecturer at Liege University, he teaches moral and political philosophy, in addition to the philosophy of law. Amongst other works, he published L'humanisme, inutile et incertain ? (Humanism: futile and uncertain) (1999). He makes regular appearances in public debates on social questions.
www.philopol.ulg.ac.be/telecharger/membres/edouard_delruelle.pdf
Duisenberg, Willem Frederik (1935-2005)
Dutch economist born in Heerenveen (Netherlands). Groeningen State University; IMF (1966-69); Minister of Finance (1973-1977); President of the Bank for International Settlement (BIS; 1988-1990; 1994-97); President of the EMI (1997-98). Publication: The IMF and the International Monetary System (1996). First President of the ECB from 1 January 1999 to October 2003.
Fisher, Joschka (1948)
German born from a Hungarian family in Gerabronn (Bade-Wurtemberg). First photographer, he carries out various small jobs while remaining active in extreme leftist parties of which he disapproves the violent methods. He joins the ecologists. Minister of Environment of several governments, he finishes his political carreer as Minister of Foreign Affairs and Vice-Chancellor. He teaches diplomatie in international crisis at Princeton (USA). Convinced European, he launches in 2000 the proposal to reactivate the European political construction and approves the Constitutional Treaty.
See also : en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joschka_Fischer
Fourcade, Jean-Pierre (1929)
French politician born in Marmande, France. Faculty of Law. Institut desEtudes Politiques. Ecole Nationale dAdministration (ENA). Minister of the Economy and Finance (1974-76), Minister of Equipment, Transport and National Development (1976-77), Mayor of Saint-Cloud (1973-89)
www.cedef.minefi.gouv.fr/histomin/ministres/fich076.html
Genscher, Hans-Dietrich (1927)
German politician born in Reideburg (G). Free Democrat Party.(FDP). Federal Minister (1969-92). Vice-Chancellor (1974-92). He has honorary doctorates from several universities. Principe de las Asturias Prize (1990)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans-Dietrich_Genscher
Geuenich, Michael (1935)
Born in Morschenich Kreis Dueren (G). Member of the SDP (1959) . President of the DGB (German Trade Union Federation) for the Federal Region of Nordrhein-Westphalia): Member of the GBV (Geschaefstfuerender Bundesvorstand – “Federal Board of Managing Directors”), directed the sections of economic, structural and environmental policy (1985-98); from 1990, also companies and prices policy. Retired in 1999.
Giscard d'Estaing, Valéry (1926)
French politician and civil-servant born in Koblenz (Germany). Ecole Polytechnique and Ecole Nationale d’Administration (ENA). President of the French Republic (1974-81). Minister of Finance and Ecomonic Affairs (1962-66, 1969-74). Along with Helmut Schmidt, set up in 1986 the Committee for the Monetary Union of Europe. December 2001:: he was appointed by the European Summit at Laeken President of the Convention on the Future of Europe, which drew up the Constitutional Treaty.
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valery_Giscard_d%27Estaing
www.ccre.org/bases/T 596 /3503.doc
Grauwe, Paul de (1946)
Greenspan, Alan (1926)
Born in New York. He was going to become a musician. Columbia and NY University. Appointed by Richard Nixon Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers. Chairman of the Board of the Governers of the Federal Reserve System for a fifth term of office, which finished in 2006. Chairman of the Federal Open Market Committee.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Greenspan
Habermas, Jürgen (1929)
German philosopher and sociologist. He was a professor at the University of Heidelberg and then at the University of Frankfurt. He is director of the Max Planck Institute and received the Kyoto Prize in 2004. Member of the school of « critical sociology », he seeks to integrate the theory of Karl Marx into the university curriculum. Influenced by Karl Weber. Theoretician of « constitutional patriotism » detached from the Nation State.
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Habermas
Habsburgo, Otto de (1912)
He was born in Reichenau an der Rax and is the current head of the Habsburg family.
An early advocate of a unified Europe, Otto was president of the International Paneuropean Union from 1986 to 2004. He served from 1979 till 1999 as a Member of the European Parliament for the conservative CSU party, becoming the Senior Member of the supranational body. He is also a member of the Mont Pelerin Society. He was a big supporter of the expansion of European Union from the beginning (especially of the accession of Hungary).
Hallstein, Walter (1901-1985)
Born in Mayence (G). 1950; Adenauer made him responsible for leading the German delegation to the Schuman Plan conference in Paris. 1955: with his deputy Wilhelm Grewe, thought out and drew up the “Hallstein Doctrine”. 1958: first President of the EEC. 1959: published Plan for a European Common Market. A federalist, opposed to a Europe of separate States. 1968-74: President of the European Movement.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Hallstein
Hänsch, Klaus (1938)
Born in Sprottau (G). A member of the SDP, President of the European Parliament (1994-1996) and president of the “Economy” Commission of the European Convention responsible for the revision of Treaties. Did not succeed in obtaining an increased role for the European Commission in the economic affairs of the E.U. or the euro zone.
Hayek, Friedrich August von (1899-1992)
Austrian economist, born in Vienna. A neoliberal and neomarginalist, he was known for his theory of the economic cycle, which attempts to explain economic crises in terms of an insufficience of savings. He wrote Monetary Theory and the Business Cycle in 1928 and received the Nobel Prize for economics in 1974.
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Hayek
Herman, Fernand (1932-2005)
Born in Boirs (Belgium). Studied law and economics. Minister of economic affairs in the Belgian government (1975-77), senator (1977-78), member of the Belgian Parliament (1978-80). Vice-president of the Social Christian Party(PSC) and member of the European Parliament (1979 -1999). President of the Belgian section of the Union of European Federalists until his death. Ardent promoter of the european currency and of European Federalism. Died of a heart attack suffered during a federalist congress in Hungary. Numerous articles about European construction in several periodicals and books.
See also: www.epp-ed.eu/press/peve05/eve010_en.asp
Herzog, Philippe (1940 )
Born in Bruay-enArtois (F). Graduate of ENSAE, has degree in economics. On 18 June 1989 elected to European Parliament, where he sat until 2004. Formerly spokesman on economics for the French Communist Party. Professor at Paris X University. Presides over the organisation and the magazine “Confrontations Europe”. Champions active participation by individuals in institutions.
Jespers, Jean-Jacques (1946)
Graduate in journalism, with a doctorate in law, Jean-Jacques Jespers was a journalist with the Belgian broadcasting organisation, RTBF, for a period of 33 years. Since 1980 he teaches at the Department of Information and Communication Science of the the Free University of Brussels. He also participates in the radio program, the Dictionary Game, broadcast during the week on the public radio station La Première.
Juncker, Jean-Claude (1954)
Born at Redange. Prime Minister of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg since 1995. Member of the Christian Social Democrat Party. He played an active part in the drafting of the Treaty of the Union and his contribution to the favourable outcome of the Dublin summit in 1996 was remarked upon. Luxembourg’s presidency of the European Council (in 1997) saw the birth of the Processus de Luxembourg , an action plan for employment), which allowed J.C. Juncker to display his ambitions for a more social Europe. On 5th February 2002 he was raised to the status of “Grand Officier de la Legion d’Honneur” by the President of the French Republic, Jacques Chirac. In 2005 he became the first permanent president of Eurogroupe. He is a member of the Committee of Honour of PROMEURO.
Kant, Emmanuel (1724-1804)
German philosopher. After studying theology, philosophy and science, he made his living as a private tutor before starting to teach at the University of Königsberg. It is possible to distinguish two periods in Kant's philosophy. In the first (called the pre-critical period), he displayed a metaphysical philosophy, close to that of Leibnitz and Wolf, in attempting to respond to the question of the origin of the world. But following 1770, his thinking underwent a decisive change, the begininnig of the so-called « critical period » (an examination of the powers of reason), where he went on to construct a philosphy unique to himself.
Here Kant considers particularly the questions of the limit of knowledge (theoretical reasoning) and the possiblilities of action (practical reasoning).
atheisme.free.fr/Biographies/Kant.htm
agora.qc.ca/mot.nsf/Dossiers/Emmanuel_Kant
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immanuel_Kant
Keynes, John Maynard (1883 – 1946)
Financier and economist born in Cambridge, he wrote his main works, Treatise on Money (1931), and A General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money (1936), following the economic crisis of 1929. Official economist of Great Britain, he was appointed deputy governor of the Bank of England and put in charge of a project of achieving stability in the international money markets. This led to his Plan White, which at Bretton-Woods, resulted in the creation of the International Monetary Fund and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Economic Development.
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Maynard_Keynes
Kohl, Helmut (1930)
Born in Ludwigshafen (G). He studied law, political sciences and history. In 1973 he became president of the Christian Democratic Union (the CDU). Chancellor of Germany from 1982 to 1998. Architect of the reunification of Germany. At the end of 2001, convinced that a large part of the EC now enjoys undeniable political and economic stability, even a certain prosperity, the former Chancellor invited the people to participate in “the enlargement of our home, Europe”, one of his favourite expressions. In the opinion of Helmut Kohl, the euro will act as a cement binding the nations of the EC and will help to bring them closer together.
Lamfallussy, Alexandre (1929)
A Belgian banker born in Kapuvar (H). Economist, bank director. Adviser, Deputy Director General and then Director General of the BIS. President of the monetary institute, the EMI, from 1994 to June 1997. The architect of the launch of the euro and of proposals for the creation of a large European financial market. Replaced by the Dutchman, Willem Duisenberg. Retired.
Le Goff, Jacques (1924)
French historian born in Toulon. President of the School of Higher Studies for Social Studies (1975-1977), he was a member of the management of the Annales and author of numerous works on the Middle Ages, combining quantitative method with historical anthropology.
He defends the idea of a complete history « where the material civilisation and culture become one within a socioeconomic analysis of societies ».
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Le_Goff
Lévi-Strauss, Claude (1908)
Born in Brussels, of French parents, after studying philosophy, he turned to ethnology. After teaching in Sao Paulo and the United States, he was appointed professor of social anthropology at the Collège de France (1959). He opposed the unilineal evolutionism proposed by Morgan and the functionalism of Malinowski and Rdcliffe Brown. He strived to give anthropology a new methodology. With observation and detailed descriptions of social relations as a starting point, the ethnologist can establish formal models capable of displaying the structure of societies.
www.memo.fr/Dossier.asp
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_L%C3%A9vi-Strauss
Maalouf, Amin (1949)
Born in Beirut. Journalist and writer. He has published several books on Islam: Les Croisades vues par les Arabes, Le Rocher de Tanios, (Prix Goncourt 1993), and on mixed identities: Les Identites Meutrieres (Deadly Identities), 1998. He has lived in France since 1976.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amin_Maalouf
leb.net/~aljadid/essays/Deadlyidentities.html
Marjolin, Robert (1911-1986)
French politician, born in Paris. He studied, partly in the United States and partly in England. European Commissioner from 1958 to 1967. In 1962 he was author, along with Robert Triffen, of a report into European monetary construction.
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Marjolin
Maystadt, Philippe (1948)
Belgian politician, born in Verviers (B). He obtained a doctorate in law. He was the Minister for the Economy and Finance on several occasions and also Deputy Prime Minister. He contributed to the stabilisation of Belgian public finance. He negotiated and signed the Treaty of Maastricht. Professor at the Catholic University of Louvain-la-Neuve. From 1933 (?? date) until1998, President of the Interim Committee of the International Monetary Fund*. Since 2000, President of the European Investment Bank.
www.senate.be/www/
Mény, Yves (1943)
French specialist in European Institutions. Yves Mény was born in 1943 in Goven (Ille-et-Vilaine). Following studies in political science, he specialised in the area of public institutions and became professor at the universities of Renne and Paris-II, and at the Institute of Political Studies in Paris, in the United States, in Spain and in Italy. In Fiesole, he directs the Robert Schuman centre for post-doctoral studies, a department of the European University Institute in Florence. He published a number of works, including the « Constitutional Dictionary » (with Olivier Duhamel), «The Corruption of the Republic», «Democracy and Corruption in Europe».
Mises, Ludwig von (1881 - 1973)
Born in Austria-Hungary. He tought at the University of New York from 1945 to 1969. He is considered one of the leaders of the Austrian school of economics. In 1912 he published his Theory of Money and Credit, where he explained that the law of supply and demand applies also to money, and which confers on money its „price“, which is its purchasing power. In 1922, in his book Socialism, he predicted the downfall of communism, in terms of the idea that an enconomy cannot function without a market price. He was a supporter of the gold standard.
www.mises.org/content/mises.asp (angl)
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises
Monnet, Jean (1888-1979)
Along with Robert Schuman, one of the fathers of Europe. Economist and industrialist born in Cognac, he managed the international affairs of the family business and took part in 1917 in the creation of the Allied Council of Maritime Transport, which convinced him that only solidarity among European nations would enable them to re-establish their economic power and international prestige. Several countries called upon him to put their finances in order. He was the author of the Schuman Plan, the basis of the process of European integration. He was the first president of the ECSC. He called for the process of European integration to be speeded up and, in particular, the establishment of supranational power. After 1955 he founded the “Action Committee for the United States of Europe”, which was to be at the source of most of the big European steps forward. A great champion of a European currency right from the outset.
Montaigne, Michel de (1533-1592)
Born in Bordeaux, he was a thinker, a humanist, a moralist and a man of French politics durng the Renaissance. After having been councillor at the Court of Perigueux, he became a member of the parliament of Bordeaux (1557). His literary work began after the death of his father, with the translation of La Théologie naturelle (=natural Theology) by Raymond Sebonde. He began, around 1972 (?? date!), the preparation of Essays, the fruit of numerous lectures.
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_de_Montaigne
Mundell, Robert (1932)
Economist, born in Kingston (Ontario – Canada). At Massachusset Institute of Technology (MIT) he developed an economic model, together with Marcus Fleming. Their joint efforts led to the theory of optimal economic zones, which led him to recommend the creation of a single monetary zone in Europe. He received the Nobel Prize for Economics in 1999.
www.columbia.edu/~ram15/
Nowak, Maria (1935)
Born in Poland, a country from which she fled in 1943. Studied at the Institute of Political Studies and at the London School of Economics (?? error in French). Spent a number of years in development projects in Guinea, then returned to France, where she worked on development and studied (?? French verb) the model of the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh. She adapted the model to Africa and then to Europe, where, in 1989, she founded the Association pour le Droit à l’initiative économique (ADIE), which serves as a model for numerous associations of micro credit in Europe and Africa. Author of « The Bank of Hope » (Albin Michel 1994). Numerous honorary awards in France and other countries.
www.european-microfinance.org/qsn_ca_maria.php
Padoa-Schioppa, Tommaso (1940)
Born in Bellune in the province of Venice. Advisor to the Institute for International Affairs (Rome). Director-general for the economy and financial affairs for the Commission of European Communities (1979-1983). Assistant director-general of the Bank of Italy (1984-1997). President of the Commissione Nazionale per le Società e la Borsa (1997-1998). Appointed honorary professor of economy at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt, Germany. Minister in the second government of Romano Prodi (2006). Member of the board of the European Central Bank. President of the think tank « Our Europe ».
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommaso_Padoa-Schioppa
Pébereau, Michel (1942)
Head of mission, then technical adivsor to the Minister of Economics and Finance, Valéry Giscard d'Estaing (1970). Office manager of René Monory (1978).
Privatisation of Crédit commercial de France (1986), which he led from 1983 to 1993. President of the Banque nationale de Paris (1993 - 2000). In August 1999, he launched a double public offer of exchange for the shares of the Société générale and Paribas. The first offer was a failure, but the success of the second permitted the creation of the BNP Paribas. Teaching and management at the Institut d'études politiques de Paris (1968 – 2000). Creation of a commission with the task of studying the French national debt (2005). President of the Institut de l'entreprise (2005).[] President of the Institut Aspen France (2004). State representative on the administrative council of EADS (2007).
Pinder, John (1924)
Born in London. Chairman of the Federal Trust, honorary president of the Union of European Federalists, Vice-Chairman of the European Movement of the United Kingdom. He lectures at the College d’Europe in Bruges. Recent publications: European Community: the Building of a Union (1991), Federal Union: the Pioneers (with R. Mayne, 1990), Maastricht and Beyond (1994).
www.fedtrust.co.uk/default.asp
www.federalunion.org.uk/europe/reallycitizens.shtml
Plan de Carpin, Jean (Giovanni dal Piano dei Carpini) (v. 1182 - 1252)
Franciscan monk and Italian historian. Legate of pope Innocent IV at the court of the great Khan of Tartaria (1246-47), he was sent on a mission to Russia and Mongolia to try to convert the Mongols and prepare a possible crusade against them. Bishop of Antivori in Albania (1248).
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_de_Plan_Carpin
www.cosmovisions.com/Carpin.htm
Pleven, René (1931-1993)
French politician, born in Rennes. European representative of the “Automatic Telephone Company”, joins de Gaulle in London in 1940 and represents the French Air Force in the USA. He becomes President of the Economic Commission for Regional Development. One of the most appreciated politician of the IVth Republic in France and appreciated by his colleagues for his European convictions. Writes what became known as the “Plan Pleven”.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Pleven
Polo, Marco (1254 – 1324)
Venitian merchant who left for China at the age of 17 with his father. The first European to know the Far-East. His writings immortalised in the The Book of the Marvels of the World was read in all royal courts and influenced future explorers.
www.linternaute.com/biographie/marco-polo/biographie/
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marco_Polo
Prate, Alain (1928-1997)
Born in Lille. Director General of Economic and Financial Affairs of the EC (1961-65). Economic Adviser to General de Gaulle (1967-69). Vice-president of the EIB (1984-1994). President of the Board of Advisers of CNP Assurances (1994-97). Author of Quelle Europe? 1991 (ed. Julliard). Member of the Committee of Honour of PROMEURO.
Prodi, Romano (1939)
Italian economist and politician. President of the Union, a coalition of centre-left parties (20005). President of the Italian council of ministers (May 1996 to October 1998). President of the European Commission (September 1999 to November 2004).
Honorary president of the European Democratic Party.
In April 2006 he won a narrow victory in the legislative elections in Italy, as a result of which he succeded Silvio Berlusconi as Council president.
ec.europa.eu/archives/commission_1999_2004/prodi/president/cv_fr.htm
Randzio-Plath, Christa (1940)
Rawls, John (1921)
Born in Baltimore (USA). One of the most remarkable philosophers of the post-war period. Books: Theory of Justice (1971), Political Liberalism (1993). Also called the Marxist philosopher, advocate of a responsible liberalism, tried to counsel social justice and economic liberalism. “No redistribution of resources must be made unless it benefits the most deprived”. According to his economic philosophy, a liberal State must guarantee access to fundamental rights to everybody. He has also dealt with cultural pluralism and set out how a liberal State could accommodate very different cultures within the one same political set-up.
Rueff, Jacques (1896-1978)
Born in Paris (F). Student at the Ecole Polytechnique and Doctor of Law. Author of several reports on the French Franc, which he helped to revive. It was on the basis of one of his reports that President de Gaulle introduced the New Franc. A member of the Financial Section of the League of Nations (1927-30). In 1952 he was appointed to the Court of Justice of the ECSC. He was opposed to Lord Keynes (see Bretton Woods). Up to the time of his death he would remain an ardent champion of a return to the gold standard, denouncing the hegemony of the US dollar.
Santer, Jacques (1937)
Luxembourg politician born at Wasserbillig (L). Universities of Strasbourg and Paris. Lawyer. Member of Christian-Social Party. Minister of Finance (1979-84). Prime Minister up to 1995. President of the Commission (1995-99). Resigned following accusations of fraud being committed by certain members of the Commission. Member of European Parliament up to 2004.
Sapir, André
Economics professor at the Free University of Brussels and member of ECARES (European Center for Advanced Research in Economics and Statistics). Specialist in European integration and in globalisation. Member of Bruegel, a European think tank.
Advisor to Romano Prodi, when the latter was president of the European Commission He is well-known for his comparative analysis of for the four European social models (Scandanavian, Anglo-Saxon, Franco-German and Mediterranean.)
Professeur d'économie à l'ULB où il enseigne l'économie. Le www.ulb.ac.be/rech/inventaire/chercheurs/0/CH1520.html
www.pisani-ferry.net/article.php3
Sauvy, Alfred (1898-1990)
Born in Villeneuve-de-la-Raho (F), died in Paris. Demographer and economist, author of important works on population and economic growth. The first person to use the expression “Third World”, referring to the “third estate”
Schmidt, Helmut (1918)
German economist and politician born in Hamburg. Social Democrat Party. Minister (1969-1974) and Federal Chancellor (1974-82). At the end of 1986, along with Valery Giscard d’Estaing, he founded the Committee for European Monetary Union. Writes articles for “Die Zeit”.
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidtand www.whoswho.de/templ/te_bio.php
Schuman, Robert (1886-1963)
With Jean Monnet, he was one of the fathers of Europe. He was born in Luxembourg. He studied law at German universities. He became member of parliament for Moselle in 1919. Minister of Finance, Minister of Foreign Affairs in France. On the 9th of May 1950 he gave the famous Salon de l’Horloge speech announcing the creation of the ECSC. Since then, the 9th of May has been Europe day. He felt that the Christian origin of several European leaders at that time was the cement of European unity.
Sen, Amartya (1933)
Born in Santiniketan in Bengal, Professor in Calcutta then in Cambridge, in New Delhi, at the London School of Economics and at Oxford, he teaches economics and philosophy at Harvard since 1987. Since 1988, Head of Trinity College of Cambridge. Admirer of John Rawls, he explains that on political decisions taken in agreement with the population protect it from catastrophies and have a lasting effect. Obtains the Nobel price in economics in 1998, for the first time granted to an economist from the Third World. Book : « L’économie est une science morale » La découverte, 1999.
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amartya_Sen
Sidjanski, Dusan
Founder in 1969 fo the Department of political sciences at the University of Geneva/ du Doctor Honoris Causa of the Universisty of Moscow (1998). President of the European Cultural Center in Geneva. Numerous articles on European Federalism.
See also : www.unige.ch/ses/spo/Membres/Professeurs/Sidjanski_en.html
Silguy, Yves-Thibault de (1948)
A student at the Ecole Nationale d’Administration (ENA: 1974-1976). He has been Secretary of Foreign Affairs at the Directorate of Economic and Financial Affairs of the EC (1976-1980), technical adviser responsible for European and international economic matters (J. Chirac’s office, 1986-88). European commissioner responsible for economic, financial and monetary matters (1995-1999), he played a crucial role in the launch of the euro. In June 2006 he became President of the Vinci society. A member of “Friends of Europe” (http://www.friendsofeurope.org/.)
Smith, Adam (Kirkcaldy 1723 – 1790)
Scottish philosopher and economomist, who has achieved a place in history as the father of modern economic science. The Wealth of Nations is one of the foundation textbooks of economic liberalism. He saw in work the source of all wealth and the real measure of the exchange value of goods. He believed that the price mechanism assured an equilibrium between supply and demand, and he believed in the convergence of individual interest toward the general interest. His work influenced the entire liberal economic school.
www.adamsmith.org (angl)
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Smith
Solana, Javier (1942)
Born in Madrid, with a doctorate in physics, he completed his studies in the United States, and became a minister in a number of Spanish governments. He was appointed Secretary General of NATO in 1995 and Secretary-General of the European Council. In 1999 he became the first joint Chief Representative for Foreign Policy and Security for the European Union and the Secretary-General of the WEU.
www.weu.int/Solana_fr.htm
Spaak, Paul-Henri (1899-1972)
Belgian politician born in Brussels. A great orator and a great European. As from 1936 he was Foreign Minister and Prime Minister several times. In 1956 he was elected as President of the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe and Secretary General of NATO. An ardent proponent of the concept of European integration, he launched an appeal for a European political union in 1953. It was under his direction that the group of representatives of the six countries called the “Spaak Committee” worked drafting the Treaty of Rome. He signed this Treaty for Belgium with Baron Snoy et d’Oppuers.
Spinelli, Altiero (1907 – 1986)
Italian journalist and communist, born in Rome. A major promotor of European political union. He was imprisoned by Mussolini for anti-fascist activities. A caustic critic of the nation state, he created the European Federalist Union and the European Union of Federalists. European commissioner from 1970 to 1976, and a member of the European Parliament. He was founder of the « Crocodile Club » . In his capacity as president of the Institutional Commission of the European Parliament, he proposed his outline of a European constitution in 1984. European federalists still gather at the site of his burial on Ventotene Island.
www.touteleurope.fr/fr/union-europeenne/ue-au-fil-du-temps/les-personnages-cles/altiero-spinelli-1907-1986.html
Steinherr, Alfred (1944)
Born in Munich. Studied Mathematics in the United States. Vice-President of the EBA. Professor of economics and former director at the EIB. Numerous publications.
Tacitus (55- 120)
Born in Transalpine Gaul, he was a Latin historian, who became first consul, then proconsul of Asia (110-113). Philosopher with a pessimistic view of history, he wrote with a style which owed much to the Greeks: an unequal, nervous, asymmetric style, concise in the extreme. He was a painter of complex and secretive souls. He wanted to create works of morality, to save vertues from oblivion and to stigmatise vice. History ceased to be a chronicle, but became a psychological documentary and a type of literature.
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacite
Tietmeyer, Hans (1931)
Born in Metelen (G). President of the governors of the central banks of the Group of Ten (G10) Countries since 1994. President of the Bundesbank since 1993. Has worked at the European Community and at the OECD (1972-82). Secretary of State, Minister of Finance (1982-89). Was part of the governing committee of the Bundesbank and was its president up to the launch of the euro.
Created “Project-Syndicate” www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/griffith-jones
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Tietmeyer
Tindemans, Leo (1922)
Born in Zwijndrecht (B). Politician. Prime Minister (1974-78). Chairman of the European Popular Party (1976-1985). Member of the European Parliament (1985-1999). Did not stand at the 1999 elections, but remained committed to the European cause (Charlemagne and Robert Schuman Prize[s]). In 1975 he wrote the “Tindemans Report” on the future of the European Union. Honorary Chairman of the European Popular Party (known as the PPE).
Tocqueville, Alexis de (1805 – 1859)
Born in Paris. Political thinker, historian and writer, known particularly for his analysis of the young American demoncracy. He exposed, in his writing, the dangers, along with the advantages of democracy, along with the characteristics of American federalism.
www.tocqueville.culture.fr/fr/portraits/p_alexis-enfance.html
Triffin, Robert (1911-1995)
Born in Flobecq (B). Economist known for his proposals for reforming the IMF (1961), which were rejected for various reasons, particularly the loss of national sovereignty that they would have entailed. He had predicted the events which would lead to the end of the convertibility of the US dollar in 1971. It was, however, recognised that his proposals could be used within the narrower framework of the European Economic Community. An ardent champion of an international currency and supranational power in order to guarantee the stability of the international monetary system.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Triffin
www.arc.eui.eu/clara/jsp/view_direct.jsp
Unwin, Sir Brian (1935)
Born in Chesterfield, Derbyshire, UK, Education at Oxford and Yale. Employed in various services of the British Government, first in the diplomatic services to end as Chairman of the Board of HM Customs and Excise that he adapted to the requirements of UK’s membership of the European Union. President of European Investment Bank from 1993 to 2000.
President or Member numerous European organisations active in various fields – banking, environment, opera, ornithology. Former member of the Honorary Committee of PROMEURO.
Veil, Simone (1927)
Born in Nice (F). The first woman to be elected to the Presidency of the European Parliament (1979-1982), where she stood up for her federalist and supranational ideas and so enabled the powers of that institution to be strengthened. Useful reading: Rapport du groupe de haut niveau sur la libre circulation des personnes (Report of the high level group on the free circulation of individuals), chaired by Simone Veil and presented to the Commission in March 1997.
Verhofstadt, Guy (1953)
Born in Termonde (Belgium). Studies law in Ghent where he is active in the students’ liberal movement. Occupies various positions in several Belgian governments where he becomes known for his extremist liberal positions (the Belgian Mrs Thatcher). Prime Minister in two governements. European federalist, he presides over the European summit that approves the Laeken Declaration which sets in motion the Convention which will produce the Constitutional Treaty. Publishes a book : « The United States of Europe » in which he recommends starting the European political integration with a restricted set of countries from the Economic and Monetary Union. Approached to become President of the European Commission.
See also : en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_Verhofstadt
Waigel, Théo (1939)
German politician and member of the CSU Party. He was Minister of Finance from 1989 to 1998.
Werner, Pierre (1913)
Born in Lille (F). A Luxembourg lawyer and politician. Prime Minister (1969-74 and 1979-84). Governor of the EIB (1958-84). President of the EC’s Committee for Economic Affairs (1970-71). President of the European Satellites Society. Various publications including Luxembourg and European Itineraries, 1945-1985. In 1970 he wrote “the Werner Plan” for creating a monetary union. It was the first official expression of monetary integration in Europe. Former Member of PROMEURO.’s Committee of Honour.
http:/www.gouvernement.lu/salepresse/actualite/2002/06/24werner
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Werner
Wessel, Dr. Karl-Heinz (1927)
Wicks, Sir Nigel Leonard (1940)
Cambridge University – has worked at the IMF and World Bank. Prime Minister’s Secretary. Chairman of the Monetary Committee. Highly appreciated for his thoroughly European approach in the work of this committee, which played a crucial role in the preparation for EMU. He is now Chairman of the Committee of Standards in Public (Life).
Wogau, Karl von (1941)
Born in Freiburg (G). Doctorate of Law from INSEAD. Member of European Parliament since 1979. He was President of the Economic, Monetary and Industrial Policy Commission when the euro was being prepared. Currently President of the “Security and Defence” Sub-Committee. Publication Der Milliardenjoker. Holds “Cross of Public Service” (Bundesverdienst Kreuz), a merit award. (.Member of the European People’s Party (Christian Democrats) and European Democrats.
www.europarl.europa.eu/members/expert/groupAndCountry/view.do
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Von_Wogau
Yunus, Muhammad (1940-
Born in Chittagong in Bangladesh. A scout, an economist and entrepreneur, he taught in the USA and returned to Bangladesh. Concerned by the incapacity of governments to respond to the distressed caused by famine, he created in 1977 the Grameen Bank, which grants micro-credit to peasants (and particularly peasant women) who have no access to commercial credit.
This model spread rapidly throughout the entire world. He received the the Nobel Prize for Peace in 2006. Author of the book « A world without poverty » Ed. J.C. Lattès 1997.
Voir aussi www.fraternet.com/magazine/etr2311.htm
Zamenhof, Ludwik Lejzer (1859 – 1917)
Polish ophthalmologist. He was born into a Jewish family, who spoke Yiddish, Russian and also Polish. He is known for having formed the basis for the constructed language Esperanto, which is still used today. The name of the language came from his pseudonym, Doctor Esperanto.
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